Only 27% Indians are covered by health insurance

Only 27% Indians are covered by health insurance

Urgent need to widen access to quality healthcare and insurance

New Delhi, 19 December 2017: As per a recent report, only 27% of Indians have health insurance coverage. The Indian healthcare sector is largely under penetrated with government expenditure constituting approximately 1.4% of the country’s GDP. The private sector expenditure constitutes 70% of the total healthcare expenditure. Of this, about 62% is out of pocket and only 8% is covered through pre-financed instruments.

There is a significant gap in the coverage offered by current products and the need for a comprehensive ecosystem of financed healthcare. Healthcare costs are increasing by the day primarily due to lifestyle diseases. The only way to bridge the gap between rising healthcare costs and affordability is through developing a sustainable and viable mechanism in the insurance sector.

Speaking about this, Padma Shri Awardee Dr K K Aggarwal, National President Indian Medical Association (IMA) and President Heart Care Foundation of India (HCFI) and Dr RN Tandon – Honorary Secretary General IMA in a joint statement, said, "Health insurance is essential not just for the physical health of a family but also for their financial well-being. It enables access to appropriate health care while reducing the impact of an untoward health event on a family's earning and payment capacity. Out-of-pocket expenses today account for nearly twice as much as institutional expenses. Thus, there is a need for an all-inclusive solution towards healthcare in the Indian market. The need of the hour is a centralized health savings scheme managed by a government-nominated body or privately managed by insurers with centralized fund management. This will ensure availability of funds for accessing healthcare services to more people, which will further go a long way in realizing the goal of providing healthcare to all.”

As per the Indian constitution, Article 14 and 21, health is the fundamental right of every Indian citizen. Under the Directive Principles of State Policy, the state governments are entrusted with the responsibility of ensuring good health of their people. It is the state government’s responsibility to look after emergencies and primordial prevention.

Adding further, Dr Aggarwal, said, “Quality always comes at a price. Quality treatment is costlier but in the long-term, it is economical as it is associated with fewer hospital-acquired infections, complications, adverse drug reactions, re-hospitalization, as well as fewer system failures. Quality is always preferred but it may not always be feasible because quality care may increase the cost of treatment. This necessitates the need for insurance.”

Every hospital or health care establishment must try to improve and maximize quality within the resources that are available to them and with the best use of those resources. Poor quality service indicates poor utilization of resources. Both quality and affordability need to be balanced, especially in a country like ours, which has one of the highest out of expenditures on health in the world. 

Majority of Indians are unaware of adult vaccinations

Majority of Indians are unaware of adult vaccinations

The need for vaccination does not end when one becomes an adult

New Delhi, 29 November 2017: As if the fact that the health of India’s citizens is marred by various health conditions was not enough, a recent study has indicated that about 68% of the country’s adults are unaware of adult vaccinations. While a majority of those surveyed thought that vaccinations were only for children, others felt they were healthy and did not require any vaccination. As per the IMA, the need for immunization does not end when one becomes an adult. Protection from vaccines received as a child can wear off over time, and leave a person at risk for new and different diseases.

Adult vaccines are recommended based on many factors. They can help avert and reduce the health consequences of vaccine-preventable diseases among adults. Incomplete and inadequate immunization against many communicable diseases can lead to substantial and unnecessary costs in terms of hospitalization and treatment.

Speaking about this, Padma Shri Awardee Dr K K Aggarwal, National President Indian Medical Association (IMA) and President Heart Care Foundation of India (HCFI) and Dr RN Tandon – Honorary Secretary General IMA in a joint statement, said, “Just like healthy eating, physical activity, and regular check-ups, vaccines also have a very important role in keeping a person healthy, through their adult years as well. Vaccines are one of the most convenient and safest preventive care measures available. Urban lifestyle today includes unhealthy eating, untimely sleeping patterns, erratic work hours, and frequent travels. This has reduced our immunity and made us more susceptible to any disease. We stay at a different place, work at another, and then enjoy visiting a distant location. Coming across different people from different regions, we become prone to any communicable disease. Medical science advanced and there are new, improved facilities and treatments available for many health conditions. During our childhood, there were many diseases without vaccines. Those vaccines are possible now.”

The Indian government has been taking steps towards adult immunization. In 1985, a universal immunization programme was launched across the country to combat Tuberculosis, Tetanus, Diphtheria, Pertussis, Polio, and measles.

Adding further, Dr Aggarwal, said, “All adults over 50 years need to maintain protection against conditions such as seasonal influenza (Flu); pneumococcal disease (pneumonia, sepsis, meningitis); Hepatitis B infection (for adults who have diabetes or are at risk for hepatitis B); tetanus, diphtheria and pertussis (for all adults who have not previously received this); and shingles (for adults 60 years and older).”

Following are some quick facts about adult immunization.

• Immunization saves 3 million lives every year
• Except drinking water, no other human undertaking can equal the impact immunization has had in reducing infectious diseases mortality -- not even antibiotics
• Immunization reduces mortality, morbidity, reduces direct and indirect medical cost
• Flu vaccine has led to a 70% decline in hospitalizations
• Hepatitis B vaccines have caused a drop in the incidence of liver cancer

Indians at higher risk of heart disease due to genetic variations

Indians at higher risk of heart disease due to genetic variations

·         Heart disease does not indicate only heart attack

·         There are different types of heart diseases one should be aware of

New Delhi, 27 November 2017: A recent study has indicated that about 35% to 40% Indians carry a set of genetic variations putting them at a higher risk of acquiring heart diseases. The carriers of a set of genetic variants in the chromogranin A (CHGA) gene called ‘CHGA promoter haplotype2’ may be at higher risk for cardiovascular and metabolic disorders. This haplotype is found more frequently in those of South Asian origin. Heart diseases are striking young and old Indians alike and this disease is slowly turning out to be a silent killer.

Apart from this genetic susceptibility, what exacerbates the situation is the kind of lifestyle people have today. Increasing dependence on processed food, lack of physical activity, and stress are all contributing factors. One often confuses heart disease with a heart attack. However, heart diseases are of many different types and it is important to be aware of them and the risk factors.

Speaking about this, Padma Shri Awardee Dr K K Aggarwal, National President Indian Medical Association (IMA) and President Heart Care Foundation of India (HCFI) and Dr RN Tandon – Honorary Secretary General IMA in a joint statement, said, “Every individual must be aware of the different forms of heart diseases and the associated symptoms. Some of these include Coronary Artery Disease – hardening or narrowing of the coronary artery; Cardiomyopathy – disease of the cardiac muscle due to several reasons; Angina – chest pain caused due to less blood flow to a part of the heart muscle; Valvular Heart Disease – disease affecting one or more of the four valves of the heart; Congenital Heart Disease – heart structure malformation at birth; Cerebrovascular Disease – disease of the blood vessels that supply blood to the brain; Rheumatic Heart Disease – damage to the heart muscles and valves due to rheumatic fever; Heart attack –permanent damage to the part of the heart muscle to which blood supply was cut off; and Heart failure- reduction in the heart’s pumping power.”

Most of these heart conditions are leading causes of death in both men and women. What exacerbates the problem is a lack of awareness among people about the symptoms as well as their risk factors.

Adding further, Dr Aggarwal, said, “Among one of the myths surrounding heart diseases is that the risk can be lowered with vitamins and supplements. However, there is no scientific evidence that these supplements prevent or treat heart diseases. The key here is to eat a wide variety of nutritious food which includes all 6 tastes and 7 colors and get natural vitamins and supplements. This is to be supplemented with other lifestyle changes.”

Some tips to avert the risk of heart diseases are as follows.

• Avoid smoking or quit the habit altogether.
• Aim at getting 30 minutes to 1 hour of exercise at least 5 days a week.
• Eat a heart-healthy diet rich in fibre. Avoid saturated fat in any form.

Manage stress through meditation and activities such as yoga. 

Indians consume less of fruits and vegetables

Indians consume less of fruits and vegetables

Eating patterns are a primary reason for increase in non-communicable diseases

New Delhi, 20 November 2017: As per a recent nation-wide study that assessed urban nutrition, it has been found that Indians consume far less than the recommended amounts of several micro-nutrients and vital vitamins, despite the food diversity that exists in the country. Statistics indicate that the recommended dietary intake of green-leafy vegetables is 40g/CU/day. However, it is only 24g/CU/day in the country. The average intake of cereals and millets was found to be 320g/CU/day. The intake of pulses and legumes was about 42g/CU/day.

The beneficial effects of fruits and vegetables on health are well-recognized. And, several studies have established the advantages of eating a fruit and vegetable-rich diet.

People who eat more fruits and vegetables are 42% less likely to be at risk of heart failure than those who consumed fewer plant-based foods.[2] Eating plenty of fruits and vegetables, cutting down on salt, and maintaining a healthy weight are all important parts of a balanced diet that can help lower the risk of heart disease and stroke as also other non-communicable diseases such as type 2 diabetes.

Speaking about this, Padma Shri Awardee Dr K K Aggarwal, National President Indian Medical Association (IMA) and President Heart Care Foundation of India (HCFI) and Dr RN Tandon – Honorary Secretary General IMA in a joint statement, said, "The burden of non-communicable diseases in on the rise today. One of the major factors that can be attributed to this is an unhealthy diet that is also lacking in fruits and vegetables. India is undergoing an ‘epidemiological transition’ from communicable to non-communicable or so-called lifestyle disease. An unhealthy diet is also the basis for metabolic risk factors such as obesity, and raised blood pressure, blood glucose and blood cholesterol levels. A well balanced diet includes all seven colors and six tastes. As per research, affluent Indians are getting 30% of their daily energy intake from fat and are consuming half the amount of dietary fibre than previous generations. Indians are largely ignoring certain warning signs and this poor choice is showing up in mortality data.”

Heart disease has become the top killer in India, followed by diabetes and cancer. While there is a need for concerted action on public health awareness by the government, what is also needed is an effort at an individual level.

Adding further, Dr Aggarwal, said, “We have slowly but steadily turned to lives dictated by technology, busy work schedules, long working hours, ignorance, and a sedentary lifestyle, not to mention a diet rich in fast and processed food. So-called health conscious individuals consume ready-to-eat breakfast options and a majority skip this most important meal of the day altogether! At least five servings of fruits and vegetables should be taken daily. ”

Given below are some WHO guidelines on the intake of fruits and vegetables.

• One adult portion of fruit or vegetables is 80 g. As a rough guide, one child portion is the amount they can fit in the palm of the hand.
• To get the most benefit, the five portions should include a variety of fruit and vegetables.
• Potatoes and other tubers cannot count towards the five-a-day because they contribute mainly starch.
• Beans and pulses can supply a maximum of one portion a day, irrespective of how much you eat. Three heaped tablespoons of chickpeas (chana) or kidney beans (rajma) make a portion.
• Dried fruit like figs and prunes can contribute to the five-a-day. A portion of dried fruit is 30 g.
• Fruit/vegetable juices and smoothies are best limited to a combined total of 150 ml a day.

Urinary incontinence is a silent problem in many Indians

Urinary incontinence is a silent problem in many Indians Those with the disorder face much stigma, with people isolating such patients due to lack of awareness New Delhi, 10 August, 2017: Statistics indicate that as many as 24 million Indian adults suffer from urinary incontinence and another 27 million suffer from fecal or bowel incontinence. Although the loss of bladder and bowel control is common in people over the age of 40, it can start at the age of 20 as well. As per the IMA, people are not very kind towards those who lose bladder control and can even go to the extent of isolating such people. Old people, in particular, suffer much stigma due to this condition. Urinary incontinence is a condition in which a person suffers from leaking of urine especially while coughing or sneezing loudly. They may also have a strong urge to urinate, which leads to leakage. However, the condition can be managed or even eliminated altogether with some simple lifestyle changes or medical treatment. Speaking about this, Padma Shri Awardee Dr K K Aggarwal, National President Indian Medical Association (IMA) and President Heart Care Foundation of India (HCFI) and Dr RN Tandon – Honorary Secretary General IMA in a joint statement, said, “Urinary incontinence can be an outcome of many other conditions. In women, the causes could include weak bladder muscles, pregnancy, child birth, forceps delivery, and removal of uterus. Some general reasons are complications from surgery, stroke, or chronic diseases like diabetes, multiple sclerosis (MS), and Parkinson's disease. Diseases that weaken the bladder nerves or spinal cord can also lead to this condition. Incontinence is a disorder and can be treated and managed. Body shaming a person for this or isolating them can lead to embarrassment for them, and sometimes, even depression in the longer run. The fact, however, is that not many people are aware of this condition and need to be educated on the causative factors.” Urinary incontinence is more common among women than men. About 30%of women between the age of 30 and 60 are thought to suffer from it, compared to 1.5% to 5% of men. Two of risk factors for this condition are obesity and smoking. Adding further, Dr Aggarwal, said, “Treatment for urinary incontinence depends on factors such as the type of incontinence, patient's age, general health, and mental state. Bladder training can help people get back their bladder control. In some cases, medication is prescribed in combination with exercises for the pelvic muscle. Surgery is done if other treatments are not effective. Some simple steps can help maintain bladder and urinary health. • Behavioural therapies This includes educating patients about how urine is formed, stored, and expelled. • Pelvic floor muscles exercises These are called Kegels and they help strengthen the muscles that control urination. • Dietary changes Avoid caffeine, alcohol, and acidic drinks. Some things like chocolates, artificial sweeteners, and spices can irritate the bladder. • Weight control Excess weight can put added pressure on the bladder and surrounding muscles. Therefore, maintain an ideal weight or lose weight if you are overweight. • Fluid intake Drink at least eight glasses of water a day to keep the bladder healthy. Drinking less water makes the urine more concentrated and this can irritate the lining of the urethra and bladder.

Indians do not take dental health seriously, says IMA

Indians do not take dental health seriously, says IMA
Sensitivity, teeth staining, cavities, and nursing bottle caries common among Indians due to lack of awareness
New Delhi, 20 July 2017: A study conducted recently has indicated that about 95%of Indians have gum diseases, 50% do not use a toothbrush, and 70% of children under the age of 15 have dental caries. It is alarming to note the high incidence of oral health ailments in Indians. Sensitivity is another major problem, with only 4% of those with the issue visiting the dentist for consultation. According to the IMA, Indians tend to indulge in self-treatment by avoiding certain food and drinks, rather than paying a visit to the dentist regularly. Some of the most common dental problems among Indians are tooth sensitivity, staining of teeth, and cavities. This can be attributed to eating habits and other habits such as smoking. Consumption of alcohol and aerated drinks, and smoking can make the teeth lose their natural whiteness. Loss of enamel can also lead to sensitivity. Speaking about this, Padma Shri Awardee Dr K K Aggarwal, National President Indian Medical Association (IMA) and President Heart Care Foundation of India (HCFI) and Dr RN Tandon – Honorary Secretary General IMA in a joint statement, said, “Dental health is often ignored by many people. Stress can have lasting effects on the teeth as on the overall system. Under stress, many people pick up the habit of smoking and consuming alcohol, which can have serious implications on dental health at a later stage. There is also a high prevalence of dental problems in rural areas due to lack of adequate knowledge. In cities, junk food and other lifestyle habits cause dental cavities and other issues. The increase in the consumption of refined sugars by way of processed food is also affecting the teeth negatively particularly in the younger generation.” One should not ignore warning signs and visit a dentist as soon as possible. A dull tooth ache, which does not subside, bleeding gums, and sensitivity to certain eatables are signs that should not be ignored. Apart from adults, dental problems are also common in babies who drink out of a feeding bottle. This is known as Nursing Bottle Caries and can spoil the upper front four milk teeth. Adding further, Dr Aggarwal, said, “Prolonged exposure to nursing bottles containing juices can cause caries in babies. Mothers should wipe the gums and teeth with a clean cloth after every feed. If left unchecked, dental infections can also lead to systemic diseases including cardiac problems.” Here are some tips to take care of your teeth and prevent decay. • Brush twice a day Brushing helps in preventing the build-up of plaque and bacteria which can cause tooth decay and periodontal diseases. • Floss Flossing helps clean the crevices where the brush can’t reach. • Avoid too much sugar Sugary and starchy foods can cause tooth decay as sugar reacts with the bacteria in saliva to form an acid that erodes the tooth enamel. • Brush your tongue The tongue harbors bacteria too. Therefore, it is a good idea to invest in a tongue scraper and clean it. • Don’t ignore any unusual signs Consult a dentist if your gums are inflamed or if they bleed. It is also important to not ignore any pain in the teeth and gums. • Get your teeth checked every six months Dental cleaning and check-up twice a year is imperative.